Filter



(No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet; 1,

M. E. JONES. FILTER.

(No Model.) 6`Sheets--Sheet 2.

M. E. JONES.

FILTER.

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(No Model.) 6 sheets-sheer s. M. E. JONES.

FILTER. No. 591,279. Patented 001;, 5,1897.

6 Sheets-Sheet 4.

(No Model.)

M. E'. JONES.

FILTER.

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(No Model.) 6 Shee'ts-Sheet 5.

M. E'. JONES. FILTER. No. 591,279. Patented 0013.5,.1897.

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FILTER..

No. 591,279, Patented 001;. 5,1897

o o c /jjj :r/ga o C 0 o o o j wwwMMIII!Mm." jf if H f1 Ecl EL clearly show the pipe connections. represents a central vertical longitudinal sec- UNITED STATES' PATENT GFFIOE.

MARION n. JoNns,-o`r GADSDEN, ALABAMA.

FILTER.

' SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent lNo. 591,279, dated October 5, 18947.

Application led January 8,1897. Serial No. 618,479. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, MARION E. JONES, a citizen of the United States, residing at Gadsden, in the county of Etowah and State of Alabama-,have invented certain new and useful'lmprovements in Filters; and I do hereby' declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of Athe invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to makev and use the same.

My invention relates to improvements in filters, and especially to that class of filters intended for use on a large scale, as in supplying water to towns, factories, and thelike,

valong the broken line 2 2 of Fig. l and look-v ing in the direction of the arrow,rthe gravel and some of the valves being removed to more Fig. 3

tion of the filter. Fig. 4 represents an end view as seen from t-he right of Fig. l. Fig. 5 represents a section along the line 5 5 of Fig. l and looking in the direction of the ar- Fig. 6 represents a detail view in crosssection of another means for raisingt-he rakes from that shown in the preceding views. Fig. 7 represents a longitudinal sectional view of the same device. Fig. 8 represents a detail View in cross-section of another means for raising and lowering the rakes. Fig. 9- represents a longitudinal sectional View of the same. Fig. 10 represents a plan view of the improved valve. Fig. 11 Arepresents a plan view of the bottom portion of the valve, the upper portion being removed. Fig. 12 represents an end View of the valve shown in Figs.'5 and 6. Fig. 13 represents a section along the line 13 13 of Fig. 10. l

A represents a box or tank, which may be made either of wood, as shown, or maybe made of metal or other suitablematerial, and which is preferably mounted on a 'suitable platform or support B.

C represents the main supply-pipe provided p with a delivery-pipe C', opening into the top of the filter, which is controlled by a valve c. v(See Fig. 4.) Connected to this pipe C is a branch pipe D, which is cut oit from said pipe C by means of the valve d, which is joined to the clear-water pipe D and the drain-pipe D2, which latter are shut off from the said pipe D .by means of valves d' and d2, respectively. The pipe E for the Water from the filter is connected to this pipe D, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, and the said pipe E is preferably made of a plurality of portions E', E2, E3, and E4, progressivelydecreasing in diameter toward the end of the filter away from the delivery end of the pipe E. Each of these sections of the clear-water pipe E E4 is provided with one or more branch pipes e, and these have branches e,and these branch pipes e' in turn are provided with laterals e2, having upwardly-extending openings e3, on which openings the valves H are fitted, as will he hereinafter described.`

` Overflow-pipes F, controlled by valves f,

are also provided forthe purpose of carrying off the muddy water, in the process of washing out. These` valvesjf are normallyclosed during the operation of the apparatus, as are also the valves d cl2, the valves c and CZ being open and the flowof water into the iilter through the pipe Cand out therefrom through the pipe D' being ordinarily continuous.

- On the interior ofthe filter a plurality of valves H are mounted on the open ends of the pipes e3.- These valves H (shown most clearly in Figs. 10 to 13) consist of two superimposable parts H and H2, the lower one of which, H', is in the form of a flanged saucer with an opening h2 in the base thereof eX- panded, as at h3, to t over the top of one of the pipes e3. This lower member H ofthe valve is provided with a grating ho to support the lower wire'scre'en h5 of the upper member h2 of the valve. This upper member is also provided with a iiange h and is also secured to the lower member by screws or vin anyother convenient way. This upper memb er H2 comprises a shell with a grating 71.00 at the top thereof, and two screens 71,4 and h5, between which is placed gravel, or sand and gravel K. Thus the two wire screens are protected from 'aboveby the grating 71.00 and IOO are supported from below bythe grating ho,

which there is a layer of sharp sand L, or,

if desired, the gravel may be graded upward, increasing in fineness, and coarse sand may be used beneath fine sand, if desired.

A plurality of shafts m extend longitudinally through the filter and carry stirringarms M, which shaft and arms are located in that portion of the filter normally filled with sand, and during the operation of washing out the filter these arms are agitated. These shafts m are mounted at each en-d in the` stuiiiug-boxes m', and in the middle, if de-k sirable, in the hangers m2, carried by the crosstimbers M. by any suitable mechanism-such, for in- These shafts may be vibratedI stance, as that shown most clearly in Figs. l and t, w-here P, P2, P2, and P4 represent sprocket-wheels carried upon the shafts m and driven by the chain Q from the sprocketwheel P, which latter is driven by the pulley R. The sprocket P is so geared with the other sprocket-wheels as to rotate those adjacent to each other in opposite directions.

It often happens that a layerof mud will be formed over the top surface of the filteringsand, which retards the free percolation of i the water and hence checks the action :of the iilter. To provide against this contingency, I employ a device whereby the surface of the sand may be scratched, as it were, which at once permits the water to percolate freely. Such a device is shown in the drawings, where lV represents a plurality of rakes mounted f on the shafts w, which latter extend longitudinallyof the filter. In order that these rakes may be made to sufficiently scratch the surface of the sand, the shafts carrying them are so mounted as to be capable of longitudinal and transverse motion relative to the tank. rakes extend into the sand is varied at the same time that the transverse motion is imparted to them. I accomplish these results by mounting the shafts w in eccentries T, which latter are mounted in the boxes T', carried bythe cross-timbers T0. These eccentries T are each provided with an arm t, and all of the arms pivoted at their upper ends to the cross-arm t. The levers S, provided with sectors s and pivoted at s to the crosstimbers Y, are slotted, as at s", at their lower ends and there pivoted to the cross-arm t', so that when the levers S are thrown to the right or left the eccentries are thrown accordingly, which shifts the rakes in the same direction and at the same time buries the teeth of the said rakes deeper in the sand, though these The depth to which the teeth of the teeth are ordinarily never sunk more than slightly below the surface of sand; but cases may arise where the mud is thick, when it will become necessary to sink them deeper.

Motion lengthwise of the tank is imparted to the shafts w, and hence to the rakes \V, by the levers V, which are mounted on the crosspieces Y, as at o, and at their lower ends t" are bifurcated to engage the shaft w, upon which the collars t2 are mounted fast on each side of the levers. The shafts w beingloosely mounted in the eccentries T, it will be readily seen that by throwing the levers V the said shafts and rakes may be moved longitudinally of the tank.

In Figs. (3 and is shown a means for giving an extended and vertical motion, as well as horizontal motion, to the rakes. In this device the shafts w are mounted in the boxes w', carried by the cross-timbers T2. These cross-timbers are secured to the lower vends of the side runners Z, upon each of which is mounted a rack Z/, engaging the pinions Z2, carried upon the shafts These shafts carry the sprocket wheels Z3, connected by the chain zo, so that when one of the shafts is rotated by the hand-wheel Z0 motion is impar-ted to both shafts simultaneously and the rakes raised. Longitudinal motion may be imparted to the shafts by levers V, similar to those above described.

Another method of adjusting the rakes is shown in Figs. 8 and t), where the shafts w are mounted in boxes u", carried by cross Itimbers T3, each end of which timbers engage the lower ends of the screw-threaded rods N, which latter pass through the crosspieees N2 and engage the hand-wheels N', serew-threaded to receive the said rods, so that when hand-wheels N' are operated the rakes may be either raised or lowered, as dcsired. Longitudinal motion in this ease, as in the cases above, is imparted to the shafts w by the levers V, as above described.

The operation of the device is as follows: The filter being charged with filter material, as shown in Fig. 5, the valves d, c, and d' are closed and the valves c andd2 are open, when water will iiow through the pipe C into the filter and find its way out through the filter material and through the valves Il, escaping through the pipes E and D and down through the pipe D2, where it will go to waste. As soon as the water ruiming through the pipe D2 becomes pure, or, in other words, as soon as the impurities originally contained in the filter material are washed out, the valve cl2 should be closed and the valve d' should be opened and the filtered water should be allowed to fiow through the clear-water pipe D' to the reservoir or other place of consumption.

The operation of the filter will now be continuous until impurities begin to appear in the water delivered by the pipe D', when it will become necessary to wash out the filter. To do this, close the valve d/ and the valve c and open the valves d and f, at the same IOO IIO

'time-setting the stirrer M in'motion. The water will now Vflow from the pipes C and C2 into the pipe D and then into the pipe E,

whence it will find its way in the reverse direction through the branch pipes up Yinto the bottom of the valves H, whence it will flow upward through the filter material K and K and L, and will escape through the pipes F to the waste. Then it is desired to carry the water off from the pipe C without carrying it through the filter or filter-pipes, the valve c is opened and the valves d and c are closed. rlhe water in passing upward through the system of filtering material will fiow much more freely than in its downward path, especially as the stirrers loosen the sand and will speedily wash upward the mass of accumulated material that has been filtered. As soon as the water flowing through the pipes F becomes comparatively clear the process of washing out may be discontinued and that of filtering may be resumed.

It will thus be seen Athat I provide an extremely simple, economical, and efficient means of filtering water in large quantities Y and at the same time of Washing out the filter material without the necessity of the frequent changing thereof, which latter is attended with greatV delay and expense.

The various advantages of the herein-described construction Will readily suggest themselves to any one skilled in the art.

It will be obvious that various modifications in the herein-described apparatus might be made which could be used without departing from the spirit of my invention.

l, Having thus described my inventiomwhat I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is-

l. In a filter of the character described, the combination with a box or tank partly filled with filter material, with valves mounted in the said filter material near the base thereof, and filter material contained Within said valves, of branch pipes connected to said valves, a clear-water pipe connectedto said branch pipes, awaste-o utlet connected to said clear-water pipe, a main supply-pipe connected to said clearwater pipe and also opening into the upper portion ofA the filter-box, overfiow-pipes opening into said filter-box, stirrersin said filter material, longitudinal shafts carrying said stirrers, sprocket-Wheels mounted on said shafts outside of said tank, aV

driving-sprocket, a chain connecting the same with the aforesaid sprockets, a plurality of shafts above said stirrers, rakes mounted on said shafts, means for impartinglongitudinal, transverse and vertical motion to said shafts and rakes, and valves controlling all of said pipes, whereby the supply of water may be directed either into the upper portion of the filter-box upon said filter material, or may be forced in a reverse direction through the clearwater pipe up through the filter material, whereby water is passed downward through the clear-water pipe and off to waste'or to the reservoir for use, or up through the filter material for washing the same and then off to waste, substantially as and for the purpose described.

2. In a filter of the character described, the combination with a box or tank partly filled with filter material, with valves mounted in the said filter material near the base thereof, and filter material contained within said valves, of branch pipes connected to said valves, a-clear-water pipe connected to said branch pipes, a waste-outlet connected to said clear-water pipe, a main supply-pipe connected to said clear-water pipe and also opening into the upper portion of the filter-box, overflow-pipes opening into said filter-box, rotary stirrers embedded in said filter material, longitudinal shafts carrying said stirrers, sprocket-wheels mounted on said shafts outside of said tank, a driving-sprocket and a chain connecting said drivin g-sprocket to the sprockets on said shafts, a plurality of shafts above said stirrers, rakes mounted on said shafts, eccentrics mounted in said tank and engaging the ends of said shafts carrying the rakes, a lever connected with a plurality of said eccentrics ,for rocking the same, levers engaging said shafts for imparting longitudinal motion thereto and valves controlling v all of said pipes, whereby the supply of water may be directed either into the upper portion of the filter-box upon said filter material or may be forced in a reverse direction through the clear-water pipe up through the filter material, whereby water is passed downward through the clear-water pipe and off to Waste or to the reservoir for use, or up through the filter material for washing the same and then olif to waste, substantially as and for the purpose described.

3. In a filter of the character described, the combination with a boxor tank partly filled with sand and gravel, with valves H mounted in the said gravel near the base thereof, and lter material contained Within said valves, orbranch pipes connected to said valves, a clear-water pipe E connected to said branch pipes, a waste-outlet D2 connectedy to said clear-water pipe, a main supply-pipe C connected to said clear-water vpipe and also opening into said filterbox just above said filter material, stirrers in said filter material, longitudinal shafts carrying said stirrers,sprocket wheels mounted on said shafts outside of-said tank, a driving-sprocket and a chain connecting said driving-sprocket to the sprockets on said shafts, aplurality of shafts above said stirrers, and means for supporting the same, rakes mounted on said shafts, means for raising and lowering said rake-shafts and imparting longitudinal motion to the same,

IOO

the filter material, whereby water is passed downward through the clear-Water pipe and off to waste or to the reservoir for use, or up through the filter material for washing the same and then off to waste, substantially as and for the purposes described.

I. The combination with a lter of an agitating apparatus consisting of a plurality of longitudinal shafts mounted in said filter, a plurality of stirrers mounted on said shafts, sprocket-wheels mounted on one end of each of said shafts, a driving-sproeket mounted near said first sprockets, a ehain connecting the sprockets on the shafts with said driving-sprocket, a plurality of shafts mounted above the aforesaid shafts, with a plurality of rakes on the said shafts, a plurality of eeeentries mounted in said filter, the said shafts mounted in said eeeentries, arms eonneeted to a number of said eoeentries and a lever connected to said arms for rocking the same, and levers engaging the said shafts for imparting longitudinal motion thereto, substantially as described.

5. The eombination with a filter, of an agitating apparatus consisting of a plurality of longitudinal shafts mounted in said filter, a plurality of stirrers mounted on said shafts, sprocket-wheels mounted on one end of eaeh of said shafts, a driving-sprocket mounted near said firstsproeliets, a ehaiu connecting the sprockets on the shafts with said drivingsprocket, a plurality of shafts mounted above the aforesaid shafts, with a plurality of rakes on the said shafts, a plurality of eeeentries mounted in boxes in said tank and carrying said rake-shafts, a plurality of arms eonneeted to the eeeentries, a cross-arm attached to all of the said arms, slotted levers connected to said cross-arm for rocking said eeeentries, and a lever connected to the said shafts for imparting longitudinal motion to the same, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

MARION IC. JONES.

Witnesses:

W. G. BRoeKwAY, R. J. XVHITF.. 

